First, Second or Third Conditionals
השוואה בין משפטים תנאי מסוג ראשון, שני ושלישי
אנו משתמשים בסוג הראשון של משפט מותנה אם אנו רוצים לומר שפעולה כלשהי תתרחש או לא תתרחש בעתיד רק בתנאי כלשהו. יתר על כן, מילוי תנאי זה הוא די ריאלי ומציאותי.
אנו משתמשים בסוג השני של משפט מותנה אם ברצוננו להראות שהתנאי המדובר הוא לפחות קשה למילוי, מדהים או אפילו לא מציאותי לחלוטין בהווה או בעתיד. לפעמים זה לא יותר מסתם הנחות וחלומות, אבל פורמלית הכל עדיין אפשרי, כי ניסים קורים לפעמים.
הסוג השלישי של משפט מותנה נחוץ כדי להראות מה היה קורא בעבר בנסיבות מסוימות, אך לא קרה. ברור שמכיוון שהמצב כולו בעבר, אין דרך לשנות אותו.
תסתכל על המשפטים האלה והשווה את המשמעויות שלהם:
.We will go out for a walk if our friends call us now
.We would go out for a walk if our friends called us now
.We would have gone out for a walk if our friends had called us then
.If Nick and Mike come now, they will help us
.If Nick and Mike came now, they would help us
.If Nick and Mike had come 2 hours ago, they would have helped us
.John will behave better if Nick doesn’t tease him
.John would behave better if Nick didn’t tease him every day
.John would have behaved better if Nick hadn’t teased him yesterday
.They will not always study well if they don’t work hard
.They would not always study well if they didn’t work hard
.They would not always have studied well if they hadn’t worked hard
.If Peter has time, he will read the book quickly
.If Peter had time now, he would read the book quickly
.If Peter had had time yesterday, he would have read the book quickly
.We will go to the river tomorrow if we have such an opportunity
.We would go to the river tomorrow if we had such an opportunity
.We would have gone to the river then if we had had such an opportunity
.If Bob doesn’t have a meeting, he will return earlier
.If Bob didn’t have a meeting, he would return earlier tomorrow
.If Bob hadn’t had a meeting, he would have returned earlier yesterday
.They will have a picnic if the weather is good
.They would have a picnic now if the weather were good
.They would have had a picnic that day if the weather had been good
.The children will let us know if they are hungry
.The children would let us know if they were hungry
.The children would have let us know long ago if they had been hungry
.If I am cold, I will go home earlier
.If I were cold now, I would go home
.If I had been cold then, I would have gone home
.If I am not cold, I will go home later
.If I were not cold now, I would go home later
.If I had not been cold then, I would have gone home later
.If it is rainy, we will stay at home
.If it were rainy now, we would stay at home
.If it had been rainy yesterday, we would have stayed at home
.If it is not rainy, we will go for a walk
.If it were not rainy now, we would stay at home
.If it had not been rainy yesterday, we would have gone for a walk
.Ann will tidy her room even if she is tired
.Ann would tidy her room now even if she were tired
.Ann would have tidied her room yesterday even if she had been tired
.Even if Mike is not happy, he will not bother anyone
.Even if Mike were not happy now, he wouldn’t bother anyone
.Even if Mike had not been happy then, he wouldn’t have bothered anyone

