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Vocabulary lesson plan & materials

Crime and Punishment

Reading, vocabulary, discussion, writing and role-play materials exploring crime, punishment, rehabilitation and the justice system.

  • Crime & Punishment
  • Reading
  • Speaking
  • Writing
  • Role Play
  • Justice
B1–B2

The Story of John

Text 1 · B1–B2

John was a thief. He used to steal money and things from people.

One day, he got caught by the police. They took him to court. The judge asked John if he had stolen the things. John said yes. The judge then asked him why he did it. John said that he needed money for his family. The judge understood but told John that stealing is wrong and he must be punished. John was sentenced to six months in jail.

After he finished his sentence, John decided to change his ways. He started working hard and honestly. He realized that stealing was not the right thing to do. He apologized to the people he had stolen from and promised never to do it again. The people forgave him and gave him another chance. John was grateful for their kindness and worked hard to earn their trust back.

In the end, John learned that honesty is always the best policy.

Task 1 — Fill in the Blanks

Complete the text with words from the original passage.

realizedpolicyjudgestealchancecourtgratefulsentencepolicepunishedearnforgavetrustapologizedkindnessrighthonestythiefmoneysentencedjailhonestlypromised

John was a _____(1). He used to _____(2) money and things from people.

One day, he got caught by the _____(3). They took him to _____(4). The _____(5) asked John if he had stolen the things. John said that he needed _____(6) for his family. The judge told John that stealing is wrong and he must be _____(7). John was _____(8) to six months in _____(9).

After he finished his _____(10), John started working hard and _____(11). He _____(12) that stealing was not the _____(13) thing to do. He _____(14) to the people he had stolen from and _____(15) never to do it again. The people _____(16) him and gave him another _____(17). John was _____(18) for their _____(19) and worked hard to _____(20) their _____(21) back.

John learned that _____(22) is always the best _____(23).

Answers

1 thief · 2 steal · 3 police · 4 court · 5 judge · 6 money · 7 punished · 8 sentenced · 9 jail · 10 sentence · 11 honestly · 12 realized · 13 right · 14 apologized · 15 promised · 16 forgave · 17 chance · 18 grateful · 19 kindness · 20 earn · 21 trust · 22 honesty · 23 policy

Task 2 — Choose the Correct Answer

Select one answer for each question.

  1. What did John use to do?
    • AWork as a doctor
    • BWork as a teacher
    • CSteal money and things from people
    • DWork as a police officer
  2. What happened to John one day?
    • AHe got a job.
    • BHe won the lottery.
    • CHe got caught by the police.
    • DHe went on vacation.
  3. Who took John to court?
    • AHis family
    • BThe police
    • CHis friends
    • DHis lawyer
  4. What did the judge first ask John?
    • AWhether he had stolen the things
    • BWhether he wanted a new job
    • CWhether he knew the police officer
    • DWhether he wanted to leave the country
  5. Why did John steal?
    • AHe wanted to buy a car.
    • BHe needed money for his family.
    • CHe was bored.
    • DHe wanted to go on vacation.
  6. What was John’s punishment?
    • AA fine
    • BSix months in jail
    • CCommunity service
    • DNo punishment
  7. What did John do after he finished his sentence?
    • AHe continued stealing.
    • BHe started working hard and honestly.
    • CHe went on vacation.
    • DHe became a policeman.
  8. What did John realize?
    • AStealing was right.
    • BStealing was not right.
    • CStealing was sometimes right.
    • DStealing was always right.
  9. What did John do to earn people’s trust back?
    • AHe apologized.
    • BHe promised not to steal again.
    • CHe worked hard.
    • DAll of the above
  10. What did John learn in the end?
    • AHonesty is not always the best policy.
    • BStealing is always the best policy.
    • CHonesty is always the best policy.
    • DStealing is sometimes the best policy.
Answers

1 C · 2 C · 3 B · 4 A · 5 B · 6 B · 7 B · 8 B · 9 D · 10 C

Task 3 — True or False

Choose True or False.

1. John was a police officer.
TrueFalse
2. John was caught by the police for stealing.
TrueFalse
3. The judge didn’t understand why John stole.
TrueFalse
4. John was sentenced to one year in jail.
TrueFalse
5. After finishing his sentence, John decided to continue stealing.
TrueFalse
6. John apologized to the people he had stolen from.
TrueFalse
7. The people forgave John and gave him another chance.
TrueFalse
8. John didn’t work hard to earn people’s trust back.
TrueFalse
9. John learned that honesty is not always the best policy.
TrueFalse
10. John realized that stealing was the right thing to do.
TrueFalse
Answers
  1. False — John was a thief.
  2. True
  3. False — the judge understood that John needed money for his family.
  4. False — John was sentenced to six months in jail.
  5. False — John decided to change his ways.
  6. True
  7. True
  8. False — John worked hard to earn people’s trust back.
  9. False — John learned that honesty is always the best policy.
  10. False — John realized that stealing was not the right thing to do.

Task 4 — Answer the Questions

Answer in full sentences.

  1. Who is John and what did he use to do?
  2. What happened when John got caught by the police?
  3. Why did John steal things according to his statement in court?
  4. What was John’s punishment for stealing?
  5. Did John change his ways after serving his sentence? If yes, how?
  6. How did people react to John’s apology?
  7. What lesson did John learn from his experience?
Answers
  1. John was a thief who used to steal money and things from people.
  2. The police took him to court, where he admitted that he had stolen the things.
  3. He said that he needed money for his family.
  4. He was sentenced to six months in jail.
  5. Yes. He started working hard and honestly.
  6. They forgave him and gave him another chance.
  7. He learned that honesty is always the best policy.

Four Opinions

Sam

“I think criminals should be given harsher punishments. My friend’s house was robbed and the thieves only got a few months in jail. It’s not fair that victims have to suffer while the perpetrator gets off easy.”

Katie

“I don’t agree. I believe in rehabilitation instead of punishment. My brother used to steal, but after going through a restorative justice program, he turned his life around. Punishment doesn’t always work.”

Mark

“I’m not sure what I think. On one hand, people should be held accountable for their actions. But on the other hand, some people are pushed into crime by their circumstances. It’s a tough call.”

Sarah

“It makes me so angry when I see criminals get away with terrible things. A family member was a victim of a violent crime and the person responsible got only community service. It’s not fair that they get to go on with their lives while our lives are forever changed.”

Discussion Questions

  1. What is the definition of crime?
  2. Can you name some common types of crimes?
  3. What are some examples of punishments for committing a crime?
  4. How does the justice system work in your country?
  5. Have you ever witnessed a crime? If so, what happened?
  6. Do you think punishment should be harsher for certain crimes? Why or why not?
  7. What measures can we take to prevent crime from happening?
  8. Are there any famous criminals or cases that you know about?
  9. What do you think motivates people to commit crimes?
  10. In your opinion, what is the most effective way to rehabilitate someone who has committed a crime?

Creative Writing

Personal Essay Topics

  1. My experience with following rules and why it’s important.
  2. A time when I did something wrong and how I learned from it.
  3. How I can help prevent crime in my community.
  4. The importance of telling the truth and being honest.
  5. A time when I helped someone who was in trouble.

General Essay Topics

  1. Punishment is necessary to teach people a lesson. What do you think?
  2. Some people believe punishment should be harsher for serious crimes. Do you agree?
  3. Rehabilitation is more effective than punishment for criminals. Do you agree or disagree?
  4. Crime rates are increasing in many parts of the world. What do you think is causing this?
  5. Some people believe poverty is a major cause of crime. Do you agree or disagree?
B2–C1

John’s Second Chance

Text 3 · B2–C1

John had always been a model citizen. He worked hard, paid his taxes and helped his neighbours when they needed it. So, when he was accused of stealing from his employer, he couldn’t believe it. It was a small family business where John had worked for over ten years, and he had never even been late for work. But the evidence against him was strong, and he was found guilty in court.

John was devastated. He had lost his job, his reputation and his dignity. He had to sell his house to pay the fine and barely had enough money left to live on. But he refused to give up. He spent every day looking for a new job, but no one wanted to hire a convicted thief. He felt like he was living in a nightmare that would never end.

One day, he met a man who offered him a job as a handyman. John was hesitant at first, but he desperately needed the money. The man turned out to be a criminal, and John soon found himself involved in illegal activities. He knew it was wrong, but he felt like he had no other choice.

One night, the police raided the hideout where John and the criminals were working. They were all arrested, and John was facing even more charges. But this time, he decided to tell the truth and confess his mistakes. He explained how he had been desperate for work and had made the wrong choices.

The judge listened to his story and decided to give him a second chance. He ordered John to do community service and attend therapy sessions to address his underlying issues. Slowly but surely, John began to rebuild his life. He found a new job, made new friends and learned from his mistakes. He realized that crime didn’t pay, and he was determined to make amends for his past actions.

Task 1 — Fill in the Blanks

Complete the text with words from the original passage.

criminaltherapyreputationaccusedcrimejudgeevidencecourtdeterminedfineconvictedarrestedguiltystealingconfessdesperatelydevastatedraidedillegalnightmarecharges

John had always been a model citizen. When he was _____(1) of _____(2) from his employer, he couldn’t believe it. But the _____(3) against him was strong, and he was found _____(4) in _____(5).

John was _____(6). He had lost his job, his _____(7) and his dignity. He had to sell his house to pay the _____(8). No one wanted to hire a _____(9) thief. He felt like he was living in a _____(10).

John _____(11) needed money. The man who offered him work turned out to be a _____(12), and John became involved in _____(13) activities.

The police _____(14) the hideout. They were all _____(15), and John was facing more _____(16). He decided to _____(17) his mistakes.

The _____(18) ordered him to do community service and attend _____(19) sessions. John realized that _____(20) didn’t pay and was _____(21) to make amends.

Answers

1 accused · 2 stealing · 3 evidence · 4 guilty · 5 court · 6 devastated · 7 reputation · 8 fine · 9 convicted · 10 nightmare · 11 desperately · 12 criminal · 13 illegal · 14 raided · 15 arrested · 16 charges · 17 confess · 18 judge · 19 therapy · 20 crime · 21 determined

Task 2 — Answer the Questions

Answer in full sentences.

  1. What was John’s reputation before he was accused of stealing?
  2. How did John feel when he was found guilty in court?
  3. What were the consequences of being convicted for John?
  4. Why did no one want to hire John after he lost his job?
  5. Who offered John a job as a handyman, and what happened as a result?
  6. What did John do when the police raided the hideout?
  7. What did the judge order John to do after hearing his story?
  8. How did John begin to rebuild his life?
Answers
  1. He had been a model citizen who worked hard, paid his taxes and helped his neighbours.
  2. He was devastated.
  3. He lost his job, reputation and dignity, and had to sell his house to pay the fine.
  4. Because he was a convicted thief.
  5. A man offered him work as a handyman, but the man was a criminal and John became involved in illegal activities.
  6. He decided to tell the truth and confess his mistakes.
  7. The judge ordered him to do community service and attend therapy sessions.
  8. He found a new job, made new friends and learned from his mistakes.

John’s Dialogues

John: I can’t believe this is happening to me. I’ve always been an honest person, and now I’m being accused of theft.

Lawyer: I understand how you feel, John, but the evidence against you is quite strong.

John: But it’s not true! I swear I didn’t take anything from my employer!

Lawyer: We’ll do everything we can to prove your innocence, but we need to be prepared for the worst-case scenario as well.

John: What am I going to do if I lose my job? How will I pay the fine?

Lawyer: We’ll cross that bridge when we come to it. For now, let’s focus on building a strong defense strategy.

John: I can’t believe I lost the case. What am I supposed to do now?

Friend: You can appeal the decision or look for another job while you wait for the appeal process.

John: No one will hire a convicted thief.

Friend: You never know unless you try. Keep applying and don’t give up hope.

Criminal: Hey man, I heard you’re looking for work.

John: Yeah, I am... but what kind of work are we talking about exactly?

Criminal: Let’s just say it pays well.

Police Officer: Freeze! Hands in the air!

John: Oh God, what have I done?

Judge: Mr. Smith, I’ve read your statement and listened to your confession. While I cannot excuse your actions, I can see that you’re remorseful and willing to change. I’m giving you a second chance. You’ll have to complete community service and attend therapy sessions.

John: Thank you, Your Honor. I won’t let you down.

Task 1 — Answer the Questions

Answer in full sentences.

  1. What is John being accused of?
  2. How does John feel about the accusation, and what is his response to his lawyer’s statement?
  3. What does John worry about if he loses his job?
  4. What advice does John’s friend give him after he loses the case?
  5. Who approaches John about a job, and what kind of work do they offer?
  6. What happens when John encounters a police officer?
  7. What does the judge order John to do after hearing his confession?
Answers
  1. John is being accused of theft.
  2. He feels upset and denies the accusation, while his lawyer acknowledges that the evidence is strong.
  3. He worries about losing his job and paying the fine.
  4. His friend advises him to appeal or keep applying for jobs.
  5. A criminal offers him a well-paid job, and it is implied that the work is illegal.
  6. A police officer catches him during a raid.
  7. The judge orders him to complete community service and attend therapy sessions.

Facts

Death Penalty in the United States

As of 2026, 23 U.S. states have abolished the death penalty, while 27 retain it in law.

The Bloody Code

By the late eighteenth and early nineteenth centuries, more than 200 offences in England could carry the death penalty. Theft was among the most common capital offences.

Reform of Theft Laws

In 1832, Parliament abolished the death penalty for stealing in a dwelling-house, one of the reforms that reduced the number of capital property offences.

Metropolitan Police

Sir Robert Peel formed the Metropolitan Police in London in 1829.

Singapore Drug Laws

Singapore retains capital punishment for the trafficking of specified significant quantities of controlled drugs.

Very Long Sentences

Guinness World Records lists a 141,078-year sentence imposed in Thailand in 1989 for fraud. The figure refers to the sentence imposed, not time actually served.

Victorian Hard Labour

Hard labour in Victorian prisons included treadwheels, cranks and other exhausting or repetitive work; it did not simply mean breaking rocks.

Rehabilitation

Research shows that well-designed rehabilitation programmes can reduce reoffending, with cognitive-behavioural approaches among the better-supported methods.

Discussion Questions

  1. What are some common types of crimes that people commit in your country?
  2. How do you think the justice system should punish criminals who have committed serious offences?
  3. Do you believe that capital punishment is an effective deterrent for crime? Why or why not?
  4. In your opinion, what factors contribute to someone becoming a criminal?
  5. Have you ever witnessed a crime being committed? If so, can you describe what happened?
  6. Should minors be punished differently from adults when they commit crimes? Why or why not?
  7. How has technology changed the way we prevent and solve crimes?
  8. Are there any controversial cases of punishment in your country that have received media attention recently?
  9. What role do you think rehabilitation plays in the criminal justice system?
  10. Do you think society’s attitudes towards crime and punishment have changed over time? If so, how?

Crime and Punishment-Themed Activities

Crime Scene Investigation

Create a crime-scene scenario and assign roles such as detectives, witnesses, suspects and forensic experts. Students question each other, collect evidence and present their findings using appropriate investigative language.

Courtroom Drama

Assign roles such as judge, prosecutor, defense attorney, defendant and witnesses. Groups prepare a mock trial, present evidence, cross-examine witnesses and deliver opening and closing statements.

Crime Reporting

Provide students with crime-related news articles. Students act as reporters and prepare news segments or newspaper articles, practising factual reporting and journalistic language.

Negotiating a Plea Bargain

In pairs, one student acts as the defense attorney and the other as the prosecutor. Give them a fictional case and ask them to negotiate charges or sentencing terms that both sides can accept.

Prison Rehabilitation Program

Assign students roles as prison staff, counselors and inmates. Groups design a rehabilitation program focused on education, vocational training or therapy, then present its goals, activities and expected outcomes.

When conducting these activities, provide students with relevant vocabulary and phrases related to crime, law and punishment. Encourage them to use appropriate language for each role and provide feedback on language use and communication skills.

Creative Writing

General Essay Topics

  1. Some people believe that the best way to reduce crime is to give longer prison sentences. Others argue that there are better ways to reduce crime. Discuss both views and give your own opinion.
  2. In some countries, the death penalty is still used as a form of punishment. Do you think this is a fair and effective way to deal with serious crimes?
  3. Many people argue that prisons are not effective at rehabilitating offenders. To what extent do you agree or disagree?
  4. Some people believe that punishment for white-collar crimes, such as fraud and embezzlement, should be more severe. To what extent do you agree or disagree?
  5. The criminal justice system often disproportionately affects marginalized communities. Is this a flaw in the system, or an inevitable consequence of crime and punishment?